See below- the ramblings of an uneducated person:
I think there’s a fence I’d like to straddle here. Where Benkyo uses the term “argument” (which I think is valid and I can certainly see his position), I would use the term “statement”.
For every article of art, I think there is a statement intrinsic to that article. If that statement is perceived to be in conflict (with itself, the viewer, its environment, and/or other articles of art), then this is where Benkyo’s perspective really shines through for me.
When I say, “in conflict”, I do not mean, necessarily, violence - merely that the statement I perceive one thing to make is incongruous with the conflicting statement - this forms an “argument” to use Benkyo’s term (though probably not in the way Benkyo would use it).
In visual art, I enjoy contrast – bright colors set against dark colors; these then show that the statement made by art can be in conflict with itself.